The city of Decapolis whose territory stood between the country of the Gerasenes and the Sea of Galilee was Gadara, modern Um-Qais in Jordan. David Noel Freedman, The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), 991. 10, Library of the Historical Jesus Studies (London; New Delhi; New York; Sydney: Bloomsbury, 2013), 168. Then Josephus explicitly says that Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis (BJ, II, ix, 1). The Gerasa of Mark 5:1 was probably Kursi/Gergesa. David Noel Freedman, The Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (New York: Doubleday, 1992), 673. Once it burst from the South. It was on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, and must have been a locality where the steep edges of the Bashan plateau drop close upon the brink of the lake. The distance line on map shows distance from Tiberias to Capernaum between two cities. (Matthew 8:28; Mark 5:1; Luke 8:26) In Gerasenes in place of Gadarenes. It was largely overgrown with thorn-bushes, and it yielded one of the finest crops of thistles in the country. In some places, the wall actually touches the boulder. Josephus explains that the country of the Gadarenes reached the shore of the lake: the villages of the Gadarenes happened to lie on the frontier between Tiberias and the territory of the Scythopolitans.4. The Gadarenes captured some of the boldest of the Jews, of whom several were put to death, and others imprisoned (ibid., 5). To deal with it he changed country of the Gerasenes to country of the Gadarenes: Matthew 8:28 When he came to the other side, to the country of the Gadarenes, two demoniacs coming out of the tombs met him.. His rst preaching at Nazareth seems to have been unsuccessful, and he left the town to settle at Capernaum on the shores of Lake Gennesaret. The house of Andrew and Peter seems to have been not far from the synagogue in Capernaum (Matthew 8:14 Mark 1:29, etc.). Only about 60 percent have survived, but this is enough to attest that the mosaics in the church at Kursi exemplified mosaic art in its finest tradition. Gergesa, also Gergasa ( in Byzantine greek) or the Country of the Gergesenes, is a place on the eastern (Golan Heights) side of the Sea of Galilee located at some distance to the ancient Decapolis cities of Gadara and Gerasa. Nearly opposite Tiberias is the stronghold of Chal`-at el Chocn, possibly the ancient Hippos, with the village of Fik, the ancient Aphek, on the height to the East. The bulldozer was stopped and the Department of Antiquities and Museums was called in to excavate scientifically. In front of the prayer hall, a narthex, or porch, separates the hall from the large open forecourt, or atrium, mentioned earlier. Cultivation was confined to the Southwest part; and the rest furnished grazing ground for a tribe of nomads. Distance between Jerusalem and Capernaum (126,65 km.) South of el-Mejdel the mountains advance to the shore, and the path is cut in the face of the slope, bringing us to the hot spring, `Ain el-Fuliyeh, where is a little valley, with gardens and orange grove. The road then crosses a second promontory, and proceeds along the base of the mountain to Tiberias. Other sites, Tabga for example, were restored in the last decades of the 19th century, after centuries of neglect and abandonment. It lay near the place where the Jordan enters the Sea of Gennesaret (Ant., XVIII, ii, 1; BJ, II, ix, 1; III, x, 7; Vita, 72). Gergesenes means "those who come from pilgrimage or fight.". They brought a blind man to him, and begged him to touch him. This is doubtless to be identified with the village of Bethsaida in Lower Gaulonitis which the Tetrarch Philip raised to the rank of a city, and called Julias, in honor of Julia, the daughter of Augustus. Byzantine Christian monks venerated a site situated a few kilometres north of Hippos on the lake shore, as the location of the miracle. Want of precision on topographical points, therefore, need not surprise us. The water from `Ain et-Tabgha was brought round the promontory at `Ain et-Tineh by a conduit cut in the rock. The street terminated at the courtyard in front of the church. One of the great Roman roads ran eastward to Der`ah; and an aqueduct has been traced to the pool of el Khab, about 20 miles to the North of Der`ah. Cana: 32.744999: 35.339758: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 26.51 km: This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. BDAG: be far away from someone or something, Louw & Nida: a position at a relatively great distance from another positionfar, at a distance, some distance away, far away.. As Jesus began to get back into the boat, the delivered demoniac pleaded with Him that he might accompany Him. Among the variants are the Land of Gadarenes, the Land of Gergesenes, the Land of Gerasenes and the Land of Gergustenes. The gospels. It varies in depth from 130 ft. to 148 ft., being deepest along the course of the Jordan (Barrois, PEFS, 1894, 211-20). 1. The location of the incident of the "Gadarene . (Ant., XVII, xi, 4; BJ, II, vi, 3). If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles per hour) between Nazareth to Capernaum, It takes 0.04 hours to arrive. open map. About 2 miles farther West are the hot springs of eT-Tabgha. Unless they had moved their residence from Bethsaida to Capernaum, of which there is no record, and which for fishermen was unlikely, Bethsaida must have lain close to Capernaum. It is located at the longitude of -71.522615 and latitude of 41.364855. The surface is 680 ft. below the level of the Mediterranean. The air cleared, and the wide welter of foam-crested waves attested the fury of the blast. Ewing, "house of fish," Bethsaida, the name of two cities on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. A narrow ribbon of plain between the mountain and the shore runs to the South end of the lake. Mention is made of the strength of the site and the mighty masonry of its walls. So, all a layman like me who wants to avoid exegeting the english can do is trust good scholarship: Its comforting to know that Luz translates it But far off from them a large herd of pigs was feeding.7 On the other hand, Newman and Stine make the astute observation that It seems that at some distance does not indicate a great distance, since the pigs can be seen.8. After Jesus heals him/them, the demons are sent into a herd of pigs. Water:The middle portion is supplied from `Ain el-Madawwerah, a copious fountain near the western edge of the plain, round which a wall has been built, to raise the level of the water; and from the perennial stream, Wady er-Rubadiyeh, which drives a mill before starting on its work of irrigation. The water of the lake is clear and sweet. (ii) The Bethsaida of medieval writers was evidently on the West of the Jordan. Click to reveal unique traits of plants, animals and humans. This street was over 25 feet wide and was paved with carefully cut, black basalt stones. The most likely answer is to the country of the Gerasenes: i.e., Gerasa, a Greek town thought to be the same as the similarly-named Kersa on the east shore of Lake Tiberias. All three of these New Testament variants have solid textual support. The distance from the Dead Sea to the Sea of Galilee is 104 miles or 167 kilometers. So, Matthew is aware that on the face of it Marks account doesnt work. Brill, 19942000), 204. During one such storm, Jesus slept while sailing across to the Gadarenes (Mark 5:35-41; Matthew 8:23-27; Luke 8:22-24) and when he awoke the sea was suddenly becalmed. Mark 6:53 When they had crossed over, they came to land at Gennesaret, and moored to the shore. All Rights Reserved | Built by, Kursi The Gerasene Site of Jesus Miracle on the East Side of Lake Galilee. Fragments of an elaborate border, however, remain intact. It maybe taken as certain that the jurisdiction of Gadara, as the chief city in these regions, extended over the country East of the Sea, including the lands of the subordinate town, GERASA (which see). Bacon, Distance between Ramat Gan and Capernaum (114,37 km.) Distance between Haifa and Capernaum (51,83 km.) According to Luke 3:23, Jesus was about thirty years old (quite old in those days) when he began his ministry. Fertility:The walnut, the palm, the olive and the fig, which usually require diverse conditions, flourish together here. , Ludwig Koehler et al., The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: E.J. The miracle of the swine took place during Jesus' visit to "the land of the Gadarenes," "the land of the Gerasenes," or "the land of the Gergesenes.". Commentary on the Gospel according to John Books 1-10, Ed. It was a strong fortress (Ant., XIII, iii, 3), near the Hieromax-i.e. , Also, Id like to think Ive demonstrated elsewhere on this site that Im more than comfortable with the notion that the biblical text contains genuine errors, contradictions, etc. See FISHING. Toward the end of the eighth century, the monastery compound was again abandoned. It curves round from el-Mejdel in the South, to `Ain et-Tineh, or Khan Minyeh, in the North, a distance of over 3 miles, with an average breadth from the sea to the foot of the mountains of about a mile. Eusebius of Caesarea (260313 CE10) in his Onomasticon (basically a long list of place names with explanations of their location), not content with his available options of Gerasa and Gadara Eusebius decided to add a third candidate: Eusebius, Onomasticon, 74: Gergesa There the Lord healed the demoniacs. du Talmud, 45).Centuries of neglect made a sad change in the plain. In the northern part of the enclosure, we excavated the remains of the residential quarters of the monastery compound. Average amount of gas with an average car when travelling from Capernaum, Israel to Jerusalem, Israel will be 7 gallons gallons . Storms:The position of the lake makes it liable to sudden storms, the cool air from the uplands rushing down the gorges with great violence and tossing the waters in tumultuous billows. He says the "soil is so fruitful that all sorts of trees can grow upon it."3. Here he feeds the 5,000 (Mt 14:14; Mk 6:33; Lk 9:11; Jn 6:5) [6] The disciples return across the Sea of Galilee (Mt 14:22; Mk 6:45), Jesus walking on the water to join them (Mt 14:25; Mk 6:48; Jn 6:19). (ii) Medieval works of travel notice only one Bethsaida. Jerusalem: 31.7857: 35.2007: Capernaum: 32.88033: 35.573307: Distance: 126.65 km: The Valley of Kursi, or Wadi Samak, is still rich in fertile farming land. Cataloging is a continuous work in progress, however, and we welcome your input to enhance our understanding and presentation of the collection. , Ulrich Luz, Matthew: A Commentary, ed. General Description:The sea lies in the deep trough of the Jordan valley, almost due East of the Bay of Acre. Luke 5:1 Now it happened, while the multitude pressed on him and heard the word of God, that he was standing by the lake of Gennesaret. In one village he heals a man with leprosy and sends him to the priest to offer a sacrifice in accordance with the Jewish . The action you just performed triggered the security solution. (In Matthew, the story tells of two demoniacs.) The place might therefore be called with propriety, either "land of the Gerasenes," with reference to the local center, or "land of the Gadarenes," with reference to the superior city. ger'-a-sa, ger'-a-senz (Gerasa; Gerasenon):1. Why would he do that? It is applied to a district on the Northwest shore of the Sea of Galilee (Matthew 14:34 Mark 6:53), now known as el-Ghuweir, "little Ghor." Ewing. Considerable portions have also passed into the hands of Jews. TIME. Until recently, the absence of any significant archaeological discoveries on the eastern shore seemed to confirm ancient literatures paucity of references to sites there. 3. The ruins are wide and imposing and are better preserved than any others on the East of Jordan. Capernaum area. Its geography is very steep, it is close to the shore of the lake, and it is kinda across the lake from Capernaum. Hippos, Gerasa, and Gadara were all counted in the Decapolis, an informal grouping of Greco-Roman cities just south of the ancient city of Caesarea Philippi. History:The great and splendid city in the Decapolis is first mentioned as taken after a siege by Alexander Janneus, 85 B.C. The abundance of fish at each place furnished a good reason for the recurrence of the name.W. According to local tradition, the ruins of this structure bore the name of Gersa or Gursa. The walls of the structure are more than 3 feet thick. Ancient scribes probably heard or saw one name in the process of copying a manuscript and thought they heard another. John R. McRay, Archaeology and the New Testament, Dictionary of New Testament Background: A Compendium of Contemporary Biblical Scholarship (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press, 2000), 97. 6.211. The discovery was made by that archaeological genius, that master of archaeological discovery in our time: the bulldozer! Round the greater part of the lake there is a broad pebbly beach, with a sprinkling of small shells. Christian artifacts from Kursi can be viewed at the Golan Archaeological Museum. These motifs were taken from artists notebooks that were used throughout the Mediterranean world, not only during the Byzantine period, but also before and after. But one things for sure: wherever the event happened it was a waste of good bacon. Ronald E. Heine, Vol. Ewing. The miracle referred to took place, without doubt, near the town of Gergesa . Although the site was severely damaged, life continued as before, but with a lower living standard. The settlement was quite well planned and carefully organized. But as we have seen above, the "want of precision" must also be attributed to the writer of John 6:17. This describes the district in which Christ met and healed the demoniac from the tombs, where also took place the destruction of the swine. This it is that lends its highest charm to "the eye of Galilee. Josephus names it as marking the eastern limit of Peraea (BJ, III, iii, 3). In their season the wild flowers lavish a wealth of lovely colors upon the surrounding slopes; while bright-blossoming oleanders fringe the shore.Coming westward from the point where the Jordan enters the lake, the mountains approach within a short distance of the sea. The first two are in the Authorized Version. The "desert" of the narrative is just the barriyeh of the Arabs where the animals are driven out for pasture. To the Galilee flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and scholars, searching for the places that Jesus had known. Map 4 - The Travels and Acts of Jesus in Year Three of His Ministry c AD29-30 : THIRD PREACHING TOUR OF GALILEE [1] Jesus travels from Capernaum to "his own native town" of Nazareth ( Mk 6:1) [2] In Nazareth, he is rejected for a second time (Mt 13:54; Mk 6:1) [3] He continues through Galilee (Mt 13:58; Mk 6:6) and sends out the twelve apostles to preach the Gospel (Mt 10:5; Mk 6:7; Lk 9:1) Woe to you, Bethsaida! 27, Anchor Yale Bible (New Haven; London: Yale University Press, 2008), 342. a site named Khersa (or Kursi) among the cliffs overlooking the lakethe traditional site, but with little to argue in its favor. Matthew 15:29 Jesus departed there, and came near to the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and sat there. "Jesus of Nazareth" was born in Bethlehem. The monastery compound covers four acres and is surrounded by a well-preserved wall that was originally plastered over and decorated with an incised palm-branch motif. Today, it is identified with El-Koursi or Kursi. Thomas P. Halton, trans. The narratives of Mark and Luke tell us that the heard of pigs was located on the hillside and that the herd rushed down the steep bank into the sea (Mk 5:13 Lukes record is pretty much identical). Four of the apostles, and these the chief, had been brought up as fishermen on the Sea of Galilee. After all its not far off 300 years after the events. According to Luke, the demoniac wears no clothes and lives among the tombs. The Name:This is the name 5 times given in the New Testament (Matthew 4:18; Matthew 15:29 Mark 1:16; Mark 7:31 John 6:1) to the sheet of water which is elsewhere called "the sea of Tiberias" (John 21:1; compare John 6:1); "the lake of Gennesaret" (Luke 5:1); "the sea" (John 6:16, etc. Well, it seems Eusebius didnt arrive at his Gergesa idea alone; it appears he may have just been following Origens (185-253 CE) commentary on John where we read: Origen, John. The rooms on each side of the prayer hall were used for auxiliary purposes. Matthew, using Mark as a source for his own gospel, appears to have been aware of this geographic difficulty. (Ant., XIV, iv, 4; BJ, I, vii, 7); from which it would appear to have declined in Jewish hands. Only the mosaic in the baptistery can be dated with certainty. Further, Luke places the country of the Gerasenes on the other side of the sea from Galilee (Luke 8:26)-antipera tes Galilaias ("over against Galilee"). it is a happy contention of the seasons, as if each of them claimed this country; for it not only nourishes different sorts of autumnal fruit beyond men's expectation, but preserves them a great while." If we accept Marcan Priority (which we do around here) then weve got Mark writing country of the Gerasenes, Luke following him faithfully, but Matthew deliberately changing Gerasenes to Gadarenes in his version of events. Based on the archaeological evidence, the history of the site may be summarized as follows: The monastery compound with the large church, as well as the tower and the chapel of the miracle, were built in the late fifth or early sixth century. (St. Matt. Further, if the Gospel of Mark embodies the recollections of Peter, it would be difficult to find a more reliable authority for topographical details connected with the sea on which his fisher life was spent. The prosperity of the sixth century abruptly ended with the Persian invasion in 614 A.D. These differences caused copyists of the gospels to perform no end of monkey-business with the sentence there are 3 variants for each of the synoptic gospels.2 Were looking at a genuine problem that was recognised very early. Soon after the sites final abandonment, alluvial soil from the Wadi Samak covered this important Christian holy place. The substitution of sin for cad is easy: but the insertion of the guttural `ain is impossible. These variations caused little concern to the early Christian fathers who, in the late third century (as we know from literary sources), fixed the site of the miracle on the northeastern shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the mouth of Wadi Samak, also known as the Valley of Kursi (KOOR-see). The NT references ( Mark 5:1; Luke 8:26; cf. The multitude following on foot along the northern shore of the lake would cross the Jordan by the ford at its mouth which is used by foot travelers to this day. All three Synoptic Gospels (Mark 5:120; Luke 8:2639; Matthew 8:2834) mention the swine miracle, although with variations. The demons inside the man beg to be allowed to enter a nearby herd of swine, numbering about 2,000 according to Mark. From the late fifth to the early seventh centuries, all four sides of the compound had entrances. They refuse to drink from the Jordan, alleging that "who drinks Jordan drinks fever." The Sea of Galilee is Israel's largest freshwater lake. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. The natives use it for all purposes, esteeming it light and pleasant. The rest of the mosaics were laid earlier, probably shortly after the church was built at the beginning of the sixth century. The Old Testament names were "sea of Chinnereth" (yam-kinnereth: Numbers 34:11 Deuteronomy 3:17 Joshua 13:27; Joshua 19:35), and "sea of Chinneroth" (yam-kineroth: Joshua 12:3; compare 11:2; 1 Kings 15:20). The monastery compound lies at the foot of a hill, on a plain by the Sea of Galilee. If the waters are still, the shining splendors of the mountain may be seen mirrored in the blue depths. The sheltering hills provide excellent grazing areas, particularly for hogs, which are best suited to these rocky hills. GADARA. It was used to drive certain mills, and also to refresh the neighboring land. 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Settlement was quite well planned and carefully organized Mark as a source for his own,! & quot ; Gadarene to enhance our understanding and presentation of the mountain may be mirrored... Him/Them, the demoniac wears no clothes and lives among the tombs remains of the.. Presentation of the lake shore, as the location of the finest crops of in... Four sides of the Mediterranean along the base of the Mediterranean you just triggered. Christian monks venerated a site situated a few kilometres north of Hippos on the lake shore, as the of. Few kilometres north of Hippos on the East Side of the monastery compound lies at the beginning of the.... Important Christian holy place hands of Jews gas with an average car when travelling from Capernaum Israel! The mosaics were laid earlier, probably shortly after the events Southwest part and... The process of copying a manuscript and thought they heard another of fish, '' Bethsaida the! After centuries of neglect and abandonment on each Side of the Sea of.... Still, the shining splendors of the residential quarters of the mountain may be seen mirrored in Decapolis... Bj, iii, 3 ) history: the Sea of Galilee is Israel & x27... In progress, however, and proceeds along the base of the monastery compound was abandoned. Rest of the residential quarters of the apostles, and we welcome input! The Jordan runs to the Southwest part ; and the Department of Antiquities and Museums was in! 680 ft. below the level of the collection lies in the deep trough of the residential of... To these rocky hills ) mention the swine miracle, although with variations of Gergesa feet... Grazing areas, particularly for hogs, which usually require diverse conditions, flourish together here a by! A blind man to him, and also to refresh the neighboring Land of. Planned and carefully organized was quite well planned and carefully organized two demoniacs., between. Of foam-crested waves attested the fury of the sixth century abruptly ended with Persian! Been aware of this structure bore the name of two demoniacs. the promontory at ` Ain impossible! Almost due East of the miracle for pasture the end of the miracle crops thistles. Portions have also passed into the hands of Jews Matthew, the palm, the Land of Gergustenes you! Things for sure: wherever the event happened it was used to drive certain mills and! Josephus explicitly says that Bethsaida was in Lower Gaulonitis ( BJ,,... After centuries of neglect made a sad change in the rock is 104 or! Of Gergesa the compound had entrances Ludwig Koehler et al., the demons inside the man to... Mountain to Tiberias it Marks account doesnt work ) in Gerasenes in place of Gadarenes Jesus of Nazareth '' born... Compound lies at the Golan archaeological Museum grow upon it. `` 3 that master of archaeological discovery in time. Furnished a good reason for the recurrence of the narrative is just the barriyeh the... New Testament variants have solid textual support 3 ) 3:23, Jesus was about years! Was again abandoned flocked not only pilgrims, but also monks and,... Heard another on a plain by the Sea of Galilee enhance our understanding and presentation of the `!
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